Arc de Triomphe Etoile



Students and Works March L'Arc de Triomphe May 24 1968 (https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/gabrielsanchez/pictures-from-the-may-uprisings-in-paris)
 


A demonstrator carries an effigy of de Gaulle's head with word 'resignation' during a union parade (https://home.bt.com/news/on-this-day/may-30-1968-charles-de-gaulle-calls-frances-bluff-to-end-a-month-of-civic-strife-11363983846813)
 


https://en.parisinfo.com/paris-museum-monument/71396/Arc-de-Triomphe.
 


https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/gabrielsanchez/pictures-from-the-may-uprisings-in-paris
 

Location of Arc de Triomphe

Description of Arc de Triomphe Etoile

The Arc de Triomphe de L’Ètoile is situated the circular plaza on Place de Gaulle (formerly called the Place de L’Ètoile) from which 12 grand avenues branch out in the form of a star (l’Étoile in French). The Arc Triomphe is an iconic symbol of France and to the world itself, having a key place in numerous historical events. It was commissioned by Napoleon in 1806 to commemorate his and the French army achievement at the Battle of Austerlitz the year prior. However it was not finished until the reign of King Louis-Philippe XVIII in 1823 and it was opened in July 29, 1823. It was designed by architects Chalgrin, Joust, and Blouet with a neoclassical inspiration coming from the Arch of Titus (built in 82 A.D) in Rome. It has decorative high-relief sculptures, commemorating the military victories of the French Revolution and the First Empire on the facades of the arch’s four pedestals. The Arc de Triomphe has a stairway inside leading up to the interactive museum on the history of the arch. The terrace of the arch is also accessible to visitors offering a unique panoramic viewpoint of the city. This site has also been the background to multiple victory parades by both invading powers and France and its’ allies. It is also the site of The Tomb of the Unknown Soldier, a monument directed to remember the lives lost during World War I which was added in 1921. Every day at 18:30 the flame of remembrance is rekindled.


On May 24th 1968, President De Gaulle broadcasted a speech over the radio and on the television offering a solution to the crisis. De Gaulle recognizes that France "is on the edge of paralysis. Facing ourselves, and facing the work…." and states that "we Frenchmen must settle the essential problem… otherwise we will drift through civil war to the most odious and most ruinous adventures and usurpations."[1] Unfortunately the speech "was uninspired and out of touch with reality", and provoked rather than appeased the demonstrators.[2] A Times article from May 25th reported "almost certainly --- President De Gaulle missed the point in his broadcast last night. This is that a large mass of Frenchmen no longer believe that de Gaulle and his obedient Ministers can meet or even understand the demands that the strikers and the student are making".[3] There is decline in the trust and support of de Gaulle and his government has declined and the millions of those striking no longer identify President de Gaulle with the interest of the nation. Just a few hours after the broadcast Paris would suffer its' third bloody Friday in May as demonstrators as well as gangs sweep through the city. Demonstrators were a mix of workers' unions and university students although it did not appear that were much organization to the protests. The evening turned in chaos as buildings such as the Brouse, the stock exchange, was set on fire, and barricades were erected in Latin Quarter once more.[4] More so, than the previous demonstrations, this events is fueled by anger and frustration. Nearly a month has passed since the occupation of Sorbonne on May 3rd and the end seemed nowhere in sight. As the evening went on, police made no distinction between passerby's, demonstrators, and the doctors and nurses who attempted to help the wounded. The riots and violence spread out into Nantes, Bordeaux and Lyons and by the end of the night, over 500 were wounded, 800 were arrested, and two dead. May 24th saw the first deaths of the events of May, one being a police officer, and the other, a demonstrator on the barricades.[5] This night though not as infamous as the Night of Barricades, showed that the students and workers were not slowing down. Still together in their goal, they showed de Gaulle and Paris what they were capable of, nearly bringing all France to a complete halt.

[1] "De Gaulle's television speech 24 May 1968" The Times, 25 May, 1968 in Absalom, 54

[2] Bernard E. Brown Protest in Paris: Anatomy of a Revolt, (New Jersey: General Learning Press, 1974), 19.

[3] "De Gaulle's television speech 24 May 1968" The Times, 25 May, 1968 in Absalom, 54

[4] Absalom, 42

[5] Absalom, 42

Arc de Triomphe - Paris Tourist Office." Bureau, Paris Convention and Visitors. Accessed March 28, 2019. https://en.parisinfo.com/paris-museum-monument/71396/Arc-de-Triomphe.

"Arc de Triomphe." Centre des monuments nationaux. Accessed March 28, 2019. http://www.paris-arc-de-triomphe.fr/en/.

Murray, Lorraine. "Arc de Triomphe" Encyclopaedia Britannica Inc. March 13, 2019. https://www.britannica.com/topic/Arc-de-Triomphe

Brown, Bernard. E. Protest in Paris: Anatomy of a Revolt. New Jersey: General Learning Press, 1974.


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