Niederkirchnerstraße



 


 


 


 

Niederkirchnerstraße

The second stop on the waking tour is an entire street, as opposed to a singular building. This street has been highly influenced by Bauhaus styled architecture. Originally named Prinz-Albrecht-Straße, the name was changed by the authorities of east Germany in 1951 due to the connotations the name had in relation to the Nazi movement. It was renamed to Niederkirchnerstraße in an attempt to honour Käthe Niederkirchnerstraße, a famous member of the communist resistance against the Nazi party. This street is also known for housing the Martin-Gropius-Bau exhibition hall, built in 1881 by Martin Gropius and Heino Schmieden, and originally was under use as the Museum of Decorative Arts. This street sustained significant bombing early in 1945 from the Allied forces and the southern corner of the street was razed. This area was bombed as the street also housed to headquarters of the Gestapo from 1933 onwards. This headquarter was responsible for the torture and death of many political prisoners. It also housed the Concentration Camps Inspectorate, which was responsible for the management and implementation of concentrations camps. In general, this collection of buildings on the street came together to be known as the Reich Main Security Office under command of Heinrich Himmler. This street can offer a variety of sites and historical buildings that display the Bauhaus style.

Due to the variety of sites to see on this street, there is a lot of historical information that is available to help paint a picture of life in the mid 20th century and how the street came to be. Originally named for Prince Albrecht of Prussia, the descendent of King Friedrich Wilhelm III. King Wilhelm had owned a large house at the corner of this street and Wilhelmstraße which was called Prinz-Albrecht-Palais. The street was laid out and organized in 1891 and in 1905 additional buildings were added on to extend the building that was the Museum of Decorative Arts. Throughout the 30's and until the street was bombed in 1945, it was home to multiple offices directly related to the Nazi party or Nazi agenda including the headquarters for the Concentration Camps Inspectorate and the Gestapo. This is a good second stop on the walking tour as it allows for the person(s) to gain a more expansive context of the time period that the Bauhaus movement was gaining momentum in. However, there is the potential for a controversial nature of this Point of Interest as there are Nazi related buildings at this stop. In general, the goal of this tour is to display how the Bauhaus movement inspired many varied architectural designs as well as giving historical context in direct relation to German history and WWII.

  • Davis, Richard G. 1991. "Operation 'Thunderclap': The US Army Air Forces and the Bombing of Berlin." Journal of Strategic Studies 14 (1): 90-111.
  • Moshenska, Gabriel. 2010. "Working with Memory in the Archaeology of Modern Conflict." Cambridge Archaseological Journal 20 (1): 33-48. doi:10.1017/S095977431000003X.
  • Vagts, Alfred. "Battle and Other Combatant Casualties in the Second World War, I." The Journal of Politics 7, no. 3 (1945): 256-94. http://www.jstor.org/stable/2125752.

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